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To prevent queuing of the workpieces cantilever arm also acts as a stopper/separator between two workpieces.
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Application Overview
Purpose
Design simple and low cost conveyor that requires no motor power sources but utilizes gravity (weight of the material) to move the load.
Points for Use When the cylinder head is raised: The first workpiece is moving along cantilever arm and is stopped by the cylinder. At that time: back of the cantilever arm moves up and stops the second workpiece. Second workpiece is also sitting on the catilever arm. When the cylinder head is lowered: First workpiece is moves to next position using gravity and incline of cantilever arm, while back of the cantilever arm is pulled back by spring to its home (horizontal) position. At the same time cylinder head raises up and second workpiece using gravity moves forward untill it hits cylinder stopper head.
Target workpiece
Cardboard box filled with products. External dims.: W170 x D120 x H195 Workpiece weight: 5.0kg
Design Specifications
Operating Conditions or Design Requirements
Motion stroke: 250mm
External dimensions: W600 x D260 x H346
Required Performance
Total weight of components occupying conveyor: 100N
Selection Criteria for Main Components
Tension spring
A tension spring is used to return the cantilevered to the down position.
Cylinder with guide
Used as stop of initial (first) workpiece.
Shock absorbing stopper
Bumper with low elasticity rubber is selected to absorb shocks on parts.
Engineering plastic bearing
Select a type with ample load capacity.
Design Evaluation
Verification of main components
Verify if the spring can actuate the cantilever arm according to the position of the material (workpiece) on the rollers.
Tension spring load
Loads and spring deflection of cantilever arm varies with workpiece position ① Load F1 (N) - when workpiece is sitting on the top of the front roller ② Load F2 (N) - when back of cantilever arm is completely raised up ③ Load F3 (N) - when workpiece is not
Formula: Reaction force F = kx + Initial tension
Spring constant: Temporarily select k = 1.32N/mm
Initial tension = 4.71N
Max. designed deflection amount: x = 12mm (when set 1mm, when stroked 12mm)
(1) is, ① F1= 50N ⇒ Supported in 2 places, 25N ② F2 = 1.32N/mm x 12mm + 4.71N = 21N ③ F3 = 1.32N/mm × 1mm + 4.71N = 6N Therefore ①>②>③holds and selected spring constant k = 1.32/mm is correct.
Cylinder w/guide
Cylinder is used as a stopper.
Workpiece weight 5kg < 30kg (Max. weight)
Conveyance speed 15m/min < 30m/min (Max. speed) Therefore, the range is suitable.
Engineered plastic bearing
Since one workpiece is supported by 6 bearings, load on each bearing = 50N / 6 ≒ 8.5N therefore 8.5N < 176N (Load capacity)
Other Design Consideration
Since the tension spring is mounted on frame slots, tension adjustments are possible.
When the load travels on the conveyor, front and rear rollers of the cantilevered arms are moving by contacting the load.
Since the conveyor rollers are mounted on the extruded Aluminum frame slots, roller pitch can be adjusted.
The cantilevered arms are coupled together so right and left actuation is synchronized on individual load points.
In order to reduce the friction on the load as it moves down the conveyor resin rollers are used.